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Thomas Jefferson (1801-1805-1809-1826) A gentleman of the Enlightenment Read the French Physiocrats’ theory about civilizations Hunting pastoralism Agriculture = virtue Had an encyclopedic thirst for knowledge Tried to send several expeditions to explore the American West Rogers Clark Ledyard Michaux Lewis as private secretary: training first for a scientific ex A prominent Founding Father In charge of the draft of the Declaration of Independence (Ju The challenge of the Founding Fathers Establish democracy on a permanent basis in America Virtue = nature+agriculture = As long as a republic = rural life + agriculture it remain = AGRARIANISM Frugality Local democracy A republic of small, independent, virtuous, educated farmer The custodians of the republic Implementation of agrarianism: Land Ordinance (1785) Land Ordinance (1784) Northwest Ordinance (1787) Republics despotism T. J. President 1801 In charge of the Union and its unity Need for roads, canals to bind the Union Only means of transportation across the Appalachians : waterwa The only route : the Missouri = the Columbia Severe conflicts Federalists (A. H.) /Antifederalists (T.J.) Solve tensions in the trans-Appalachian territories and the ri Buy New Orleans Find new lands for an agrarian republic whose survival depen Seized the opportunity to buy Louisiana Even if not clearly entitled to do so by the Constitution Louisiana 1762 A French territory 1762 France gives Louisiana to Spain 1795 San Lorenzo Treaty (Pinckney Treaty): right of passage an 1800 Treaty of San Ildefonso Spain retrocedes Louisiana to Fra 1803 The United States buys Louisiana from France The Lewis and Clark expedition: a “literary pursuit” a geostrategic mission Scientific mission Fur trade In search of the land equivalent of the Northwest Passage Trade with Indian nations to divert the lucrative Canadian fur Impact of the Louisiana Purchase Establishing the United States’ sovereignty Agrarian scouts = a huge area for generations and generations of American (repu Democracy likely to endure on the American continent Westward expansion continued Nationalistic assertiveness on the international arena: the cha American imperialism was born commerce = urban growth corruption